Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide thickener made by fermenting sugars with Xanthomonas campestris bacteria, then drying the gel into powder. It is used in salad dressings, sauces, ice cream, gluten-free baking, and many commercial pet foods to stabilize texture. Only small amounts are needed to change viscosity.
In recipes, xanthan gum helps prevent separation in emulsions and improves structure in gluten-free dough. Overuse may create gummy textures and may increase gas or loose stool in sensitive pets because it acts as soluble fiber. Flavored products containing xanthan gum may also include salt, onion, garlic, or sweeteners.
For pets, incidental amounts in complete foods are usually tolerated. Do not add extra xanthan gum to homemade pet meals unless a veterinarian formulation specifically calls for it. If diarrhea or bloating appears after a new product, check labels for gum thickeners and other additives.
Xanthan gum may also appear in canned gravies, dental gels, and liquid supplement formulas.
